Who wrote the preface to the English translation of 'Gitanjali' by Tagore?

1. Who wrote the preface to the English translation of 'Gitanjali' by Tagore? -

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MCQ-> Read the following passage and answer the questions. Rabindranath Tagore in his essay, Svadeshee Samaaj written in 1904, pointed out a concrete way for the reorganization of Indian society on the basis of self-help. He wrote about issues like peasants' cooperatives, revival of cottage industries, social reforms, Hindu-Muslim unity and rural development, and came up with ideas which were much ahead of his time. Soon after, Tagore prepared a draft, meant for private circulation, for establishing a society, based on democratic principles, and run entirely by the manpower and resources of the country. It was an amazing document which shows that he was not only a great visionary, but also had the makings of a great leader. In his vision of Indian history, politics was at no point of time recognized as the core of Indian life and culture. In Indian history, the seat of political power was always beyond the knowing of the common people. The local autonomous social unit, called samaaj was always present there to take care of their economic needs, and to protect them from state interference. This basic structure of Indian society, the samaaj, was pulled out by the British who brought in its place the `state' structure. The state in turn brought everybody under its thumb; added to this the colonial policy of divide and rule further frustrated any attempt at a united opposition to such a type of rule. In the first decade of the twentieth century, Tagore observed: "In the evolving history of India, the principle at work is not the ultimate glorification of the Hindu, or any other race. In India, the history of humanity is seeking to elaborate a special ideal, to give to perfection a special form, from which entire humanity will gain. Nothing less than this is its end and aim."In his essay. Svadeshee Samaaj. what focal point does Tagore intend to convey to the readers?
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MCQ-> You have brief passage with 5 questions following each passage. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.Most people who bother with the matter at all would admit that the English language is in a bad way, but it is generally assumed that we cannot by conscious action do anything about it. Our civilization is decadent and our language - so the argument runs - must inevitably share in the general collapse. It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light or hansom cabs to aeroplanes. Underneath this lies the half-conscious belief that language is a natural growth and not an instrument which we shape for our own purposes.Now it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately have political and economic causes: it is not due simply to the bad influence of this or that individual writer. But an effect can become a cause, reinforcing the original cause and producing the same effect in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take to drink because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the more completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate because our thoughts are foolish, but the slovenliness of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the process is reversible. Modern English, especially written English, is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets rid of these habits, one can think more clearly, and to think clearly is a necessary first step towards political regeneration; so the fight against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concern of professional writer.Many people believe that nothing can be done about the English language because
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