It is the duty of the Finance Commission to: ?->(Show Answer!)

1. It is the duty of the Finance Commission to:

Answer: Making recommendations about distribution of Income Tax and Central Excise Duties between Union and States and principles for Central grants to States.

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MCQ-> Study tin following information carefully and answer the questions given below: Following are the conditions for selecting a Manager Finance in an organization. The candidate must- (i) be a graduate in any discipline with at least 50% marks. (ii) have completed Post Graduate Degree/Diploma in Management with specialization in Finance with at least 65% marks (iii) have post qualification work experience of at least 4 years in the finance department of all organization. (iv) be at least 26 years and not more than 36 years as on 01.12.2011. In the case of a candidate who fulfils all the conditions except- (a) at (ii) above, but has secured at least 60% marks in post-graduate degree/diploma in management with specialization in Finance and at least 70% marks in Graduation. his/her case is to be referred to DGM - Finance (b) at (iii) above, but has post qualification work experience of at least two years as Assistant Finance Manager. his/her case is to be referred to GM-Finance. In each question below. details of one candidate are provided. You have to take one of the following courses of action based on the conditions given above and the information provided in each question and mark the number of that course of action as your answer. You are not to assume anything other than the information provided in each question. All these cases are given to you as on 01.12.2011. Mark answer (1) if the candidate is to be selected. Mark answer (2) if the data provided are inadequate to take a decision. Mark answer (3) if the candidate is not to be selected. Mark answer (4) if the case is to be referred to DGM-Finance. Mark answer (5) if the case is to be referred to GM-Finance. Now read the information provided in each question and mark your answer accordingly.Raman Sharma was born on 19th March 1981. He has been working in the finance department of an organization for the past six years. He has secured 65% marks in B.Com. and 75% marks In his post graduate degree in management with finance specialization.
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MCQ-> A difficult readjustment in the scientist's conception of duty is imperatively necessary. As Lord Adrain said in his address to the British Association, unless we are ready to give up some of our old loyalties, we may be forced into a fight which might end the human race. This matter of loyalty is the crux. Hitherto, in the East and in the West alike, most scientists, like most other people, have felt that loyalty to their own state is paramount. They have no longer a right to feel this. Loyalty to the human race must take its place. Everyone in the West will at once admit this as regards Soviet scientists. We are shocked that Kapitza who was Rutherford's favourite pupil, was willing when the Soviet government refused him permission to return to Cambridge, to place his scientific skill at the disposal of those who wished to spread communism by means of H-bombs. We do not so readily apprehend a similar failure of duty on our own side. I do not wish to be thought to suggest treachery, since that is only a transference of loyalty to another national state. I am suggesting a very different thing; that scientists the world over should join in enlightening mankind as to the perils of a great war and in devising methods for its prevention. I urge with all the emphasis at my disposal that this is the duty of scientists in East and West alike. It is a difficult duty, and one likely to entail penalties for those who perform it. But, after all, it is the labours of scientists which have caused the danger and on this account, if on no other, scientists must do everything in their power to save mankind from the madness which they have made possible. Science from the dawn of History, and probably longer, has been intimately associated with war. I imagine that when our ancestors descended from the trees they were victorious over the arboreal conservatives because flints were sharper than coconuts. To come to more recent times, Archimedes was respected for his scientific defense of Syracuse against the Romans; Leonardo obtained employment under the Duke of Milan because of his skill in fortification, though he did mention in a postscript that he could also paint a bit. Galileo similarly derived an income from the Grant Duke of Tuscany because of his skill in calculating the trajectories of projectiles. In the French Revolution, those scientists who were not guillotined devoted themselves to making new explosives. There is therefore no departure from tradition in the present day scientists manufacture of A-bombs and H-bomb. All that is new is the extent of their destructive skill.I do not think that men of science can cease to regard the disinterested pursuit of knowledge as their primary duty. It is true that new knowledge and new skills are sometimes harmful in their effects, but scientists cannot profitably take account of this fact since the effects are impossible to foresee. We cannot blame Columbus because the discovery of the Western Hemisphere spread throughout the Eastern Hemisphere an appallingly devastating plague. Nor can we blame James Watt for the Dust Bowl although if there had been no steam engines and no railways the West would not have been so carelessly or so quickly cultivated To see that knowledge is wisely used in primarily the duty of statesmen, not of science; but it is part of the duty of men of science to see that important knowledge is widely disseminated and is not falsified in the interests of this or that propaganda.Scientific knowledge has its dangers; but so has every great thing. And over and beyond the dangers with which it threatens the present, it opens up, as nothing else can, the vision of a possible happy world, a world without poverty, without war, with little illness. And what is perhaps more than all, when science has mastered the forces which mould human character, it will be able to produce populations in which few suffer from destructive fierceness and in which the great majority regard other people, not as competitors, to be feared, but as helpers in a common task. Science has only recently begun to apply itself to human beings except in their purely physical aspect. Such science as exists in psychology and anthropology has hardly begun to affect political behaviour or private ethics. The minds of men remain attuned to a world that is fast disappearing. The changes in our physical environment require, if they are to bring well being, correlative changes in our beliefs and habits. If we cannot effect these changes, we shall suffer the fate of the dinosaurs, who could not live on dry land.I think it is the duty of science. I do not say of every individual man of science, to study the means by which we can adapt ourselves to the new world. There are certain things that the world quite obviously needs; tentativeness, as opposed to dogmatism in our beliefs: an expectation of co-operation, rather than competition, in social relations, a lessening of envy and collective hatred These are things which education could produce without much difficulty. They are not things adequately sought in the education of the present day.It is progress in the human sciences that we must look to undo the evils which have resulted from a knowledge of the physical world hastily and superficially acquired by populations unconscious of the changes in themselves that the new knowledge has made imperative. The road to a happier world than any known in the past lies open before us if atavistic destructive passion can be kept in leash while the necessary adaptations are made. Fears are inevitable in our time, but hopes are equally rational and far more likely to bear good fruit. We must learn to think rather less of the dangers to be avoided than of the good that will be within our grasp if we believe in it and let it dominate our thoughts. Science, whatever unpleasant consequences it may have by the way, is in its very nature a liberator, a liberator of bondage to physical nature and, in time to come a liberator from the weight of destructive passion. We are on the threshold of utter disaster or unprecedented glorious achievement. No previous age has been fraught with problems so momentous and it is to science that we must look for happy issue.The duty of science, according to the author is :-
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MCQ-> Analyse the following passage and provide an appropriate answer for the questions that follow. One key element of Kantian ethics is the idea that the moral worth of any action relies entirely on the motivation of the agent: human behaviour cannot be said good or bad in light of the consequences it generates, but only with regards to what moved the agent to act in that particular way. Kant introduces the key concept of duty to clarify the rationale underpinning of his moral theory, by analysing different types of motivation. First of all individuals commit actions that arc really undertaken for the sake of duty itself, which is, done because the agent thinks they arc the right thing to do. No consideration of purpose of the action matters, but only whether the action respects a universal moral law. Another form of action (motivation) originates from immediate inclination: Every one has some inclinations, such as to preserve one's life, or to preserve honour. These are also duties that have worth in their own sake.But acting according to the maxim that these inclinations might suggests - such as taking care of one's own health - lacks for Kant true moral worth. For example, a charitable person who donates some goods to poor people might do it following her inclination to help the others - that is. because she enjoys helping the others. Kant does not consider it as moral motivation, even if the action is in conformity with duty. The person acting from duty would in fact donate to the other because she recognizes that helping the others is her moral obligation. Final type of motivation suggested by Kant include actions that can be done in conformity with duty, yet are not done from duty, but rather as a mean to some further end. In order to illustrate this type of motivation, Kant provides the following example. A shopkeeper who does not overcharge the inexperienced customer and treats all customers in the same way certainly is doing the right thing - that is, acts in conformity with duty - but we cannot say for sure that he is acting in this way because he is moved by the basic principles of honesty: "it is his advantage that requires it". Moreover, we cannot say that he is moved by an immediate inclination toward his customers, since he gives no preference to one with respect to another. Therefore, concludes Kant, "his action was done neither from duty nor from immediate inclination but merely for purposes of self - interest".Consider the following examples: i) Red Cross volunteer who donates blood every year to thank an anonymous donor who saved the life of his mother some time back ii) A voluntary organization which conducts regular blood donation camps to improve its legitimacy As per the passage, correct statement(s) related to the above examples would be: I. The source of motivation for both examples is same II. Individuals may commit actions for reasons beyond duty III. Both examples illustrate the concept of moral worth...

MCQ-> Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below: Following are the conditions for selecting Manager- Finance in an organisation: The candidate must — (i) be a graduate in any discipline with at least 50 percent marks. (ii) be a postgraduate in Management with specialisation in Finance. (iii) be at least 25 years and not more than 35 years as on 1.2.2013. (iv) have post qualification work experience of at least two years in the Accounts/Finance department of an organization (v) have secured at least 40 percent marks in the selection process. In the case of a candidate who satisfies all other criteria EXCEPT (A) at (ii) above, but has worked as Deputy Manager - Finance in an organization for at least three years, his/her case is to be referred to General Manager- Finance. (B) at (v) above, but has secured at least 70 percent marks in post graduation, his/her case is to be referred to President-Finance.In each question below, detailed information of one candidate is provided. You have to take one of the following courses of action based on the information provided and the conditions and subconditions given above and mark your answer accordingly. You are not to assume anything other than the information provided in case of each candidate. All these cases are given to you as on 1.2.2013Mark answer a: if the candidate is not to be selected. Mark answer b: if the data Provided are not adequate to take a decision. Mark answer c: if the case is to be referred to General Manager-Finance. Mark answer d: if the case is to be referred to President-Finance. Mark answer e: if the candidate is to be selected.Geeta Kothari was born on 10th September 1980. She has been working in the Finance Department of an organization for the past four years after completing her MBA with Finance specialisation. She has secured 50 percent marks in the selection process.
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