*Father of Modern Economics Ans : Adam Smith (Scotland) *Laissez - Faire policy is associated with Ans : Adam Smith *'Wealth of Nation' is the famous book of Ans : Adam Smith *Study of wealth is called Ans : Aphnology *The position of Indian economy in the world Ans : 7 *The financial capital of the world Ans : Zurich (Switzerland) *Father of Micro Economics Ans : Alfred Marshall/David Ricardo *Father of Macro Economics Ans : John Maynard Keynes *Financial capital of India Ans : Mumbai *Father of Indian Economics Ans : Dadabhai Naoroji *Father of Indian Statistics Ans : P.C. Mahalanobis *The first official attempt to calculate National Income in India was made by P.C. Mahalanobis The National income Committee (NIC) set up in 1949 by the Government of India under the chairmanship of Ans : P.C. Mahalanobis *P.C.Mahalanobis founded the Indian Statistical Institute in Ans : Kolkata (1931) *Central statistical organization was founded by Ans : P.C. Mahalanobis *Head quarters of Central Statistical Organization Ans : New Delhi (1951) *Indian statistics day Ans : June - 29 *Birthday of PC Mahalanobis is observed as Ans : Indian Statistics Day
THEORY
ECONOMIST
*Laissez Faire Theory - Adam Smith *Population theory - Thomas Robert Malthus *Marginal Productivity theory - J.B. Clark *Theory of Distribution - David Ricardo *Elasticity of Demand - Alfred Marshall *The Brain Drain theory was put forward by Ans : Dadabhai Naoroji *Poverty and UnBritish rule in India is the Famous book of Ans : Dadabhai Naoroji *First estimate of National Income in India was made by Ans : Dadabhai Naoroji *First person to adopt a scientific procedure in calculating the National Income was Ans : V.K.R.V. Rao (1931)
TYPES OF ECONOMY
1.CAPITALIST ECONOMY
*The type of economy in which private enterprises are existing in the sphere of production Ans : Capitalist Economy *The type of economy in which Government does not have control over markets and does not take part in any kind of production process Ans : Capitalist Economy *Type of economy in which the profit of service is earned by an individual Ans : Capitalist Economy *Examples of Capitalist Economy Ans : USA, Britain, Japan, Brazil, France
2.SOCIALIST ECONOMY
*The type of economy in which public enterprise or state ownership of capital is existing in all the important sphere of production Ans : Socialist Economy *In socialist economy all means of production are controlled by the Ans : Government *In socialist Economy, what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce depend on the demand of the Ans : Society *Examples of Socialist Economy Ans : China, Cuba
3.MIXED ECONOMY
*Type of economy in which a mixture of public and private enterprises is existing *The type of economy which is the combination of Capitalism and Socialism Ans : Mixed Economy *The type of economy in which all means of production are shared between the public and private sector Ans : Mixed Economy *Examples for Mixed Economy Ans : India, Australia
COMMUNIST ECONOMY
*Type of Economy in which the means of production and social welfare for the people is given a priority over individual profit Ans : Communist Economy *Example for Communist Economy Ans : North Korea
THREE SECTORS OF ECONOMY
1.PRIMARY SECTOR
*The sector of an economy making direct use of natural resources Ans : Primary sector eg. Agricultural sector
2.SECONDARY SECTOR
*The activities including the manufacturing of physical goods and other industrial production come under Ans:Secondary Sector eg : Industrial sector
3.TERTIARY SECTOR
*Tertiary Sector is otherwise known as Ans : Service Sector *The service sector which gives support to all activities for the development of the primary and secondary sectors Ans : Tertiary sector eg : Banking sector, Transportation and communication *World Nations are divided into three 1.Developed Nation 2.Developing Nation 3.Least Developed Nation (Undeveloped)
1.DEVELOPED NATION
*A country having high levels of National and Per Capita incomes is known as Ans : Developed Country *The country having high standard of life is known as Ans : Developed Country *Country having high economic growth and security is termed as Ans : Developed Country *Countries which are more advance in scientific and technological field Ans : Developed Countries Eg: USA, England, Japan, Germany, France
2.DEVELOPING NATION
*Another term for Developing countries Ans : Third world countries *Countries having low standard of living are included in the Ans : Developing Nation *Illiteracy, Low National Income, Unemployment, Low Human Development Index (HDI) etc. are the main characteristics of a Ans : Developing Nation *Earlier name of developing countries Ans : Under developed countries Eg : India, South Africa, Brazil
3.LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
*Extreme poverty, very low GDP, low percapita income, high rate of population, unemployment are the characteristics of Ans : Least Developed Countries *Weak economy, inadequate human resource and vulnerable natural disasters are the features of Ans : Least Developed Countries *Examples of Least Developed Countries Ans : Afghanistan, Angola, Benin
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI)
*The composite statistics of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators of countries Ans : Human Development Index (HDI) *HDI was launched by Ans : Amartya Sen (Indian) and Mahbub Ul Haq (Pak Economist) *HDI was launched in Ans : 1990 *Standard measurement for distinguishing whether the country is developed, developing or under developed Ans : HDI *As per the Human Development Index published on March 21, 2017, the country tops in the list is Ans : Norway *As per the Human Development Index published on March 21, 2017, the position of India is Ans : 131
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
*The value of all goods and services produced within a country during a given period Ans : GDP GNP (Gross National Product) *The sum total of all goods and services produced by the nationals of a country during a year Ans : GNP National Income *The sum total of all final goods and services produced in a country in a particular period of time usually one year Ans : National Income Per Capita income *It refers National Income divided by the population of the country
TAXES
*Compulsory payment made by citizen or corporate bodies to Government Ans : Tax *Article 265 of Indian constitution deals with Ans : Taxes *Tax was imposed for the first time in Ans : Egypt *John Mathai Commission or Taxation Enquiry commission was set up to study the Ans : Taxation system in India *John Mathai Commission or Taxation Enquiry commission was set up in Ans : 1954 *Income tax Act came into force on Ans : 1st April 1962
BOOKS
AUTHORS
*Wealth of Nations-Adam Smith *Das Capital-Karl Marx *Poverty and UnBritish Rule in India - Dadabhai Naoroji *Poverty and Famine - Amartya Sen *Rationality and Freedom - Amartya Sen *Development as freedom - Amartya Sen *The Argumentative Indian - Amartya Sen *Commodities and Capabilities - Amartya Sen *Choice of Techniques - Amartya Sen *Beyond the crisis;Development Strategies in Asia - Amartya sen *Human Rights and Asian Values - Amartya Sen *Asian Drama - Gunnar Myrdal *The myth of free trade - Ravi Batra *Crash of the Millennium - Ravi Batra *Great Depression of 1990 - Ravi Batra *Principle of Political Economy and Taxation - David Ricardo *Communist Manifesto - Karl Marx Fredrik Engels *General Theory of Employment Interest and money - J.M.Keynes *There are mainly two types of taxes (1)Direct Tax (2)Indirect Tax
ECONOMIC COMMISSIONS
*Raja Chelliah Ans : Tax Reforms *Ans : Vijay Kelkar *Direct and Indirect Tax Structures *Narasimham Ans : Banking Sector Reforms *Malhotra Ans : Insurance Privatisation *Damoderan Committee Ans : Banking Service Reforms *Lakadawala Committee Ans : Poverty line *Ashoka Mehta Ans : Panchayat Raj Reforms *Sen Ans:Decentralisation of powers to Panchayat Raj institutions *Indira Goswami Ans : Industrial Sickness *R.S. Sarkaria Ans : Central State Relationship *Swaminathan Ans : Agricultural Reforms *LC Gupta Ans : Trading of Shares *G.V. Ramakrishna Ans : Disinvestment commission *Sachar commission Ans : The Socio - Economic and Educational Status of the Muslim - Community in India *Mandal Commission Ans : To identify the socially or educationally backward *Kothari Commission Ans : Education commission *C.D. Mayee Commission Ans : Endosulfan *Tendulkar Commission Ans : Identifying people below the poverty line
DIRECT TAX
*A tax directly paid to the government by the individuals or organizations on whom it is imposed is called Ans : Direct Tax *The tax which cannot be shifted by the taxpayer to someone else Ans : Direct Tax *The main examples of Direct Taxes are Ans : Income Tax, Gift Tax, Wealth Tax, Property Tax, Corporate Tax, Capital Gains Tax, Securities Transaction Tax, Perquisite Tax, etc
INDIRECT TAX
*The taxes paid while purchasing goods and services are called Ans : Indirect Tax *The tax which can be shifted by the taxpayer to someone else Ans : Indirect Tax
*Land Revenue Tax *Stamp Duty *State excise Duty *Road Tax *Entertainment Tax *Motor Vehicle Tax *Agricultural Income Tax *Agriculture Land Revenue etc. Eg : Excise duty,sales Tax,Entertainment Tax,Custom duty and Octroi,Goods and Services Tax(GST),Services Tax,Value Added Tax (VAT) *A local tax collected on various articles brought into a district for consumption Ans : Octroi
VAT (Value Added Tax)
*The type of consumption tax that is placed on a product whenever value is added at a stage of production and at final sale Ans : VAT *Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in Ans : France (1954) *First Asian Country to introduce VAT Ans : South Korea *First Indian state to introduce VAT Ans : Haryana (April 1,2003) *VAT was introduced in India on Ans : April 1, 2005 *The first country introduced value added tax (VAT) Ans : France *First country introduced Goods and service Tax (GST) Ans : France *First country introduced fat Tax Ans : Denmark *First country introduced carbon tax Ans : New Zealand *First country Introduced salt tax Ans : China *The Chairman of the Empowerment Committee introduced VAT in India Ans : Asim Das Gupta *MODVAT stands for Ans : Modified Value Added Tax *MODVAT was introduced with effect from Ans : March 1,1986 *Modvat has later been replaced by Ans : CEN VAT (Central Value Added Tax) *CEN VAT came into force in Ans : April 1, 2000
STOCK EXCHANGE
*An organised market for buying and sellinq shares and other securities Ans : Stock Exchange *World's first stock exchange was formed at Ans : Antwerp in Belgium *Oldest stock exchange in Asia Ans : Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) *Largest stock exchange in the world Ans : NYSE Euronext (formerly known as Area Ex.) *Stock exchange index of America is known as Ans : NASDAQ *NASDAQ Ans : National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system *First electronic stock exchange Ans : NASDAQ *Headquarters of Newyork Stock Exchange Ans : Wallstreet
STOCK EXCHANGES INDEX
*New York - Nasdaq *New York - Dow Jones *India - Sensex *India - Nifty *Japan - Nikkei *Singapore - Simex *Frankfurt - Mid Dax *London - FTSE *Hong Kong - Hang Seng *Brazil - Bovespa *First Indian company to be listed on the US NASDAQ Ans : Infosys Technologies *First Indian public sector Unit of New York Stock Exchange Ans : VSNL *Financial Capital of China Ans : Shanghai
INDIAN STOCK EXCHANGES
*Second largest share holding population in the world Ans : India *The terms associated with the Stock Exchanges Ans : Bull and Bear *The upward market trend is termed as Ans : Bull *The downward market trend is termed as Ans : Bear *High valued shares are known as Ans : Blue chips
BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE (BSE)
*Old name of Bombay Stock Exchange Ans : The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association *The oldest stock exchange in Asia Ans : BSE *BSE was established in Ans : 1875 *BSE located on Ans : Dalai street, Mumbai *First company registered in Bombay stock exchange was Ans : D.S. Prabhudas and Company *BSE share index is known as Ans : SENSEX (Stock Exchange Sensitive Index) *The name SENSEX was proposed by Ans : Deepak Mohani *The Edge is Efficiency is the caption of Ans : BSE *The pulse of the domestic Stock markets in India Ans : SENSEX *10th largest stock market in the world by market capitalization Ans : BSE *Cochin stock exchange was founded in Ans : 1978 *First stock exchange in Kerala Ans : Cochin Stock Exchange
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE (NSE)
*National Stock Exchange was founded in Ans : 1992 *Largest stock exchange in India Ans : National Stock Exchange *Headquarters of NSE Ans : Mumbai *Share Index of NSE Ans : NIFTY *NSE was set up on the recommendation of Ans : Pherwani Committee (1991) *Second fastest growing stock exchange in the world Ans : NSE *Bombay Stock Exchange -1875 *Ahmedabad Stock Exchange -1894 *Kolkata Stock Exchange -1908 *Cochin Stock Exchange -1978 *National Stock Exchange -1992
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA (SEBI)
*Regular for the securities market in India Ans : SEBI *SEBI was established in the year Ans : 1988 *SEBI was given statutory power on Ans : April 12, 1992 *Headquarters of SEBI Ans : Bandra kurla Complex (Mumbai) *First Chairman of SEBI Ans : S.A.Dave *Forward Market Commission was merged with SEBI in Ans : 2015
INSURANCE
*First insurance company in India Ans : Oriental Life Insurance company *Oriental Life Insurance was established at Ans : Kolkata *Oriental Life Insurance was established in Ans : 1818 *First native insurance provider in India Ans : The Bombay Mutual life Assurance society *The Bombay Mutual life Assurance society was established in Ans : 1870 *The year in which the Government of India issued an ordinance for nationalising the life insurance sector in India Ans : 1956 *R.N. Malhotra Commission is associated with the Ans : Insurance sector *An autonomous body instituted to regulate and develop the insurance industry in India Ans : Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) *Headquartes of IRDA Ans : Hyderabad *IRDA was incorporated as a statutory body in Ans : April 2000 *General Insurance Corporation of India was Formed in Ans : 1972 *General Insurance Corporation was nationalized on Ans : January 1,1973 *Head quarters of General Insurance Corporation Ans : Mumbai
LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION (LIC) *Life Insurance Corporation was set up in Ans : 1956 *Headquarters of Life Insurance Corporation is in Ans : Mumbai *Motto of LIC Ans : Yogakshemam Vahamyaham (your welfare is our responsibility) *The person who founded Hindustan Insurance Society, which later became Life Insurance Corporation Ans : Surendranath Tagore *Largest insurance group fully owned by the Government of India Ans : LIC *Mundra Case is related to Ans : LIC *First woman Managing Director of LIC Ans : Usha Sangwan
BANKING
*First bank in India Ans : Bank of Hindustan *Bank of Hindustan was established in Ans : Calcutta (1770) *Oldest public sector bank in India Ans : Allahabad Bank
NATIONALISATION OF BANKS IN INDIA
*The Prime Minister who nationalised banks in India for the first time Ans : Indira Gandhi *First nationalisation of banks was held on Ans : July 19,1969 *Number of banks in India nationalised for the first time Ans : 14 *Total asset of a bank which was nationalised in 1969 was exceeded Ans : 50 crores *The second phase of bank nationalisation in India was held on Ans : April 15,1980 *Number of banks nationalised in second phase Ans : 6 *The Prime Minister who nationalised Banks in India in 1980 Ans : Indira Gandhi *Total asset of a Bank which was nationalised in 1980 was exceeded Ans : 200 crores *Allahabad Bank was established in Ans : 1865 *UTI ( Unit Trust of India) Bank is the former name of Ans : Axis Bank *First Bank in the world Ans : Bank of Venice *First Bank to begin permanent issue of bank notes Ans : Bank of England *First private bank in India Ans : City Union Bank *ATM in India : HSBC *Internet Banking : ICICI Bank *Mutual Fund : Unit Trust-of India (UTI) *Credit card facility : Central Bank of India *First bank to get ISO Certificate : Canara Bank *Savings Bank Facility : Presidency Bank *First Indian bank to open branch outside India : Bank of India (London) *Online Banking : HDFC *Cheque facility : Bengal Bank *Talking ATM : Union Bank of India *Indian bank to get Green Bond Award of Britain :YES Bank *Greenfield Bank licence awarded by RBI :YES Bank
RESERVE BANK OF INDIA
*Reserve Bank of India act was passed in Ans : 1934 *Reserve Bank of India was established on Ans : April 1,1935 *The head quarters of RBI was initially established in Ans : Kolkata *The headquarters of RBI was permanently shifted to Mumbai in Ans : 1937 *RBI was setup on the recommendation of Ans : Hilton Young Commission (1926) *Hilton Young Commission was also known as Ans : Royal Commission *The Bank known as Banker's Bank Ans : RBI *The apex bank of India Ans : RBI *The Central bank of India Ans : RBI *The regulator of loans Ans : RBI *The bank which is often referred as Mint Street Ans : RBI *The Banking Ombudsman Scheme has been formulated by Ans : RBI *The credit controller of India Ans : RBI *The bank which represents India in- the IMF Ans : RBI *RBI was nationalised on Ans : January 1, 1949 *Headquarters of RBI in Kerala Ans : Thiruvananthapuram *The animal embossed on the emblem of Reserve Bank of India Ans : Tiger *The tree embossed on the emblem of Reserve Bank of India Ans : Palm Tree *First Governor of RBI Ans : Sir Osborne Smith *First Indian to become the Governor of RBI Ans : C.D. Deshmukh *The longest serving Governor of Reserve Bank of India Ans : Benegal Rama Rao *Second Governor of RBI Ans : James Taylor *First woman RBI Deputy Governor Ans : K.J. Udeshi *The Indian Prime Minister who had served as Reserve Bank Governor Ans : Man Mohan Singh *The only state which does not come under financial supervision of the RBI Ans : Jammu & Kashmir
MAIN FUNCTIONS OF RBI
*To work as monetary authority and implement its Monetary policy *To serve as issuer of bank notes *To Serve as banker to central and state governments *To serve as debt manager to central and state governments *To provide ways and means advances to the state governments *To Serve as banker to the banks and lender of last resort(LOLR) for them *To work as supervisor and regulator of the banking and financial system *Management of Foreign Exchange Reserves of the country *To support the government In the development of the country *The amount of funds that the banks are bound to keep with Reserve bank of India Ans : Cash Reserve Ratio *The rate at which the banks borrow money from RBI Ans : Repo rate *Repo rate is otherwise known as Ans : Repurchase rate *The rate at which the RBI borrows money from Banks Ans : Reverse Repo rate *The rate of interest which a central bank charges on the loans and advances to a commercial bank Ans : Bank Rate *Bank rate is also referred to as Ans : Discount rate
PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK
*First Indian Bank purely managed by the Indians Ans : Punjab National Bank *Founder of Pujab National Bank Ans : Lala Lajpat Rai *Punjab National Bank was established in Ans : Lahore *Punjab National Bank was founded in Ans : 1894 *Punjab National Bank began to function in Ans : 1895 *First bank in India to introduce the Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) Ans : Punjab National Bank *Head quarters of Punjab National Bank Ans : New Delhi *Maha Bachat Scheme was started by Ans : Punjab National Bank *New India was merged in Punjab National Bank in Ans : 1993
STATE BANK OF INDIA (SBI)
*Largest commercial bank in India Ans : State Bank of India *Headquarters of SBI is at Ans : Mumbai *The earlier name of SBI Ans : Imperial Bank *The name Imperial Bank of India was suggested by Ans : Lord John Keynes *Imperial Bank of India Act was passed in Ans : 1920 *The Imperial Bank of India was established in Ans : 1921 *The Imperial Bank of India became the State Bank of India on Ans : July 1,1955 *SBI was nationalised in Ans : 1955 *The bank which has the most number of branches in India Ans : SBI *India's first floating ATM was launched by Ans : SBI *First Indian bank to open a branch in Israel Ans : SBI *First Malayali Chairman of SBI Ans : John Mathai *First woman Chairperson of State Bank of India Ans : Arundhati Bhatacharya *National poet who was depicted as the customer in the advertisement of SBI Ans : Tagore *The policy adopted by SBI to bring back its old customers Ans : Bank Vapassi *Five Associated Banks of SBI were merged with SBI on Ans : March 31, 2017 *The Prime Minister who took initiative for the merging of Associated banks of SBI Ans : Narendra Modi *The bank which was merged with SBI along with the 5 Associated banks of SBI Ans : Bharatiya Mahila Bank
ASSOCIATE BANKS OF SBI
*State Bank of Hyderabad *State Bank of Mysore *State Bank of Patiala *State Bank of Travancore *State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur
TAGLINE OF SBI *The Bank of Common Man *Pure Banking, Nothing else *With you always *The Banker to Every Indian *The Nation Bank on us
NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT [NABARD]
*NABARD was established on Ans : 12th July 1982 *Headquarters of NABARD is at Ans : Mumbai *NABARD was established on the recommendation of Ans : Sivaraman Committee *The apex bank in India for agriculture development Ans : NABARD *The bank to facilitate credit flow for the promotion and development of agriculture Ans : NABARD *India's specialised bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in India Ans : NABARD *The bank known for its 'SHG Bank Linkage Programme' Ans : NABARD
BHARATIYA MAHILA BANK (BMB)
*First women's bank in India Ans : Bharatiya Mahila Bank *Headquarters of BMB Ans : New Delhi *Bharatiya Mahila Bank was established on Ans : November 19,2013 *Bharatiya Mahila Bank was inagurated by Ans : Manmohan sigh and Sonia Gandhi at Mumbai *India is the third country in the world to have a bank especially for women after Ans : Pakistan and Tanzania *First Chairperson and Managing Director of Bharatiya Mahila Bank Ans : Usha Anantha Subramanian *First branch of BMB was opened in Ans : Mumbai *First branch of BMB was opened in Kerala at Ans : Kamaleshwaram (Thiruvananthapuram) *The bank which was inaugurated on the 96th birth anniversary of Indira Gandhi Ans : BMB *The committee related with the establishment of the BMB Ans : MBN Rao Committee *The tag line of BMB Ans : Empowering Women, Empowering India *BMB was merged with SBI on Ans : March 31, 2017
REGIONAL RURAL BANK (RRB)
*Regional Rural Banks were established on Ans : October 2,1975 *RRB was setup under recommendation of Ans : Narasimham committee *First Regional Rural Bank was started in Ans : Moradabad (UP) *Regional Rural Bank is popularly known as Ans : Gramin Bank *State having most number of Regional Rural Banks in India Ans : Uttar Pradesh *Regional Rural Banks have not been started in Ans : Sikkim and Goa *Largest Regional Rural Bank in India Ans : Kerala Gramin Bank *The Headquarters of Kerala Gramin Bank Ans : Malappuram
LEAD BANK
*Lead Bank system in India was started in Ans : 1969 *The Committee which recommended for the Lead bank Ans : Gadgil Committee *The bank which works for financial and industrial development of the district concerned Ans : Lead Bank
LAND DEVELOPMENT BANK
*The bank which provides loan for digging wells, purchasing seeds etc. under the security of properties Ans : Land Development Bank *The bank which entertains Green Revolution Ans : Land Development Bank *First Land Development Bank was started in Ans : Punjab
NEDUNGADI BANK
*The first bank in Kerala is Ans : Nedungadi Bank *Nedungadi Bank was founded in Ans : 1899 *Founder of Nedungadi Bank Ans : Appu Nedungadi *Nedungadi Bank merged with Ans : Punjab National Bank *Nedungadi Bank merged with Punjab National Bank in Ans : 2003
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