1. According to Rutherford the radius of the nucleus is about ______ than the radius of the atom.





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MCQ-> The membrane-bound nucleus is the most prominent feature of the eukaryotic cell. Schleiden and Schwann, when setting forth the cell doctrine in the 1830s, considered that it had a central role in growth and development. Their belief has been fully supported even though they had only vague notions as to what that role might be, and how the role was to be expressed in some cellular action. The membraneless nuclear area of the prokaryotic cell, with its tangle of fine threads, is now known to play a similar role.Some cells, like the sieve tubes of vascular plants and the red blood cells of mammals, do not possess nuclei during the greater part of their existence, although they had nuclei when in a less differentiated state. Such cells can no longer divide and their life span is limited Other cells are regularly multinucleate. Some, like the cells of striated muscles or the latex vessels of higher plants, become so through cell fusion. Some, like the unicellular protozoan paramecium, are normally binucleate, one of the nuclei serving as a source of hereditary information for the next generation, the other governing the day-to-day metabolic activities of the cell. Still other organisms, such as some fungi, are multinucleate because cross walls, dividing the mycelium into specific cells, are absent or irregularly present. The uninucleate situation, however, is typical for the vast majority of cells, and it would appear that this is the most efficient and most economical manner of partitioning living substance into manageable units. This point of view is given credence not only by the prevalence of uninucleate cells, but because for each kind of cell there is a ratio maintained between the volume of the nucleus and that of the cytoplasm. If we think of the nucleus as the control centre of the cell, this would suggest that for a given kind of cell performing a given kind of work, one nucleus can ‘take care of’ a specific volume of cytoplasm and keep it in functioning order. In terms of material and energy, this must mean providing the kind of information needed to keep flow of materials and energy moving at the correct rate and in the proper channels. With the multitude of enzymes in the cell, materials and energy can of course be channelled in a multitude of ways; it is the function of some information molecules to make channels of use more preferred than others at any given time. How this regulatory control is exercised is not entirely clear.The nucleus is generally a rounded body. In plant cells, however, where the centre of the cell is often occupied by a large vacuole, the nucleus may be pushed against the cell wall, causing it to assume a lens shape. In some white blood cells, such as polymorphonucleated leukocytes, and in cells of the spinning gland of some insects and spiders, the nucleus is very much lobed The reason for this is not clear, but it may relate to the fact that for a given volume of nucleus, a lobate form provides a much greater surface area for nuclear-cytoplasmic exchanges, possibly affecting both the rate and the amount of metabolic reactions. The nucleus, whatever its shape, is segregated from the cytoplasm by a double membrane, the nuclear envelope, with the two membranes separated from each other by a perinuclear space of varying width. The envelope is absent only during the time of cell division, and then just for a brief period The outer membrane is often continuous with the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, a possible retention of an earlier relationship, since the envelope, at least in part, is formed at the end cell division by coalescing fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum. The cytoplasmic side of the nucleus is frequently coated with ribosomes, another fact that stresses the similarity and relation of the nuclear envelope to the endoplasmic reticulum. The inner membrane seems to posses a crystalline layer where it abuts the nucleoplasm, but its function remains to be determined.Everything that passes between the cytoplasm and the nucleus in the eukaryotic cell must transverse the nuclear envelope. This includes some fairly large molecules as well as bodies such as ribosomes, which measure about 25 mm in diameter. Some passageway is, therefore, obviously necessary since there is no indication of dissolution of the nuclear envelope in order to make such movement possible. The nuclear pores appear to be reasonable candidates for such passageways. In plant cells these are irregularly, rather sparsely distributed over the surface of the nucleus, but in the amphibian oocyte, for example, the pores are numerous, regularly arranged, and octagonal and are formed by the fusion of the outer and inner membrane.Which of the following kinds of cells never have a nuclei?
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MCQ-> In the following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.Home is The first place of education and parents are ______
  teacher in everyone’s life. In our childhood, we get first impression of education from our home especially form our mother. Our parents let us know the importance of ______ education in the life. When we become three or four years old, we sent to the school for the proper, regular and ______ study where we have to give many exams and then we get a pass certificate for one class. Slowly we ______ ahead by passing our one by one class until we get passed successfully till 12th standard. Then start preparations for getting admission to the technical or professional degree which is called as ______ study. Higher study is very necessary for all to get good and ______ job in the life. We become a well educated person in the life by the efforts of our parents and teachers. They are real well wishers of us who helps us in ______ our life towards success. Now-a-days, many governmental programmes have been implemented to ______ the education system so that everyone may get ______ to the proper education. Lots of advertisements are shown on the TV and news to make people aware of the advantages and importance of education especially in the rural areas as people in ______ or rural areas do not want to study because of poorness and improper understating towards the education.The first place of education and parents are ______
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MCQ-> Following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.India is a very ______ country known for its cultural heritage,
  traditions, civilization, religion and geographical features from the ______ time. On the other hand, it is also popular as a ______ chauvinistic nation. Today, women in India are given first priority however it was not the same always. They were ______ treated in the family and society. They were limited only to the household ______ or to fulfill the responsibilities of home and family members. They were kept totally unaware of their rights and own development. People of India used to call this country as "Bharat-Mata" however never realized the true meaning of it. Bharat-Mata means a ______ of every Indian whom we have to ______ and care for always. Women constitute ______ power of the country so in order to make this ______ a fully powerful country, women empowerment is very ______.India is a very ______ country known for its cultural heritage,
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MCQ-> In the following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.Rice and wheat ______ much carbohydrate
  which is quite ______ for energy. But more of rice and wheat and ______ of vegetables and fruit is not a balanced diet. Vegetables and fruit contain nutrients like vitamins, calcium, iron, phosphorus, folic acid, iodine, magnesium, zinc etc. Green leafy vegetables contain a lot of nutrients, especially calcium and iron. We ______ take one type of green leafy vegetable every day. Spinach is quite good for health. The cereals such as Bengal-gram, beans, black-gram, horse-gram, maize, millet, raga, red- gram etc., contain ______ protein which is essential for our ______. Iron and calcium contribute to healthy bones. Asafoetida ______ gas from the stomach. Cabbage, carrot and cluster-beans contain fibrous substance which gives a person ______ from constipation. Cucumber, horse radish, lady’s finger, potato, tomato, snake-gourd etc. should ______ a place in our food items often. ______ fruits are good for health. Many of us do not have the habit of eating fruits. This is very bad. Taking orange, apple, plantain, grapes etc. will keep us healthy.Rice and wheat ______ much carbohydrate
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MCQ-> In the following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives. Feminism refers to a broad range of ideas, Approaches, and ______ directed towards
  advocating for ______ equality for ______. Feminism is a movement that seek to achieve equality and social rights for women in all key areas which includes education, personal, economic, employment, and cultural sphere of human endeavours. Activists of the feminist movements have used social and political theories to ______ for women's rights and freedom where sexuality and gender-based political thinking have created ______ for the womenfolk in the society. The feminist movements have also campaigned for the ______ of the girl-child and women from sexual harassment, rape and violence within the home. The campaigns and the activities of feminist activists over several centuries have greatly improved lots of women in several areas and in several societies. Feminist activists have successfully used campaigns for the rights of women to secure a broad range of ______ such as the right to vote and be voted for, the right to own property, the rights to equal pay or fair wages, the right to ______ public office, the right to enter legal contracts, and the right to have ______ leave and equal rights within marriage. Though feminist movements have achieved a lot for the womenfolk yet some categories of feminism continued to be criticized for being ______ and class-specific.Approaches, and ______ directed towards
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