STATE LIST

*The idea of State List was borrowed from
Ans : Canadian Constitution
*The Legislative body having exclusive power to make laws in State List
Ans : State Legislature
*Total subjects included in State List
Ans : 61 (originally 66)

IMPORTANT SUBJECTS IN STATE LIST

*Local Self Government
*Agriculture
*Public Health & Sanitation 
* Liquor
*Fisheries
*Police
*Panchayati Raj
*Prison
*Taxes on Agricultural. Income
*State Public Service Commission
*Land and Building Tax
*Sales Tax
*Public Transport
*Irrigation

CONCURRENT LIST 

*The idea of State List was borrowed from
Ans : Australian Constitution
*The Legislative body having exclusive power to make laws in Concurrent List
Ans : Both Parliament and State Legislature
*Total Subjects included in Concurrent List
Ans : 52 (originally 47)

IMPORTANT SUBJECTS IN CONCURRENT LIST

*Forests
*Education
*Weights and Measures 
*Price control
*Marriage and divorce 
*Electricity
*Trade unions
*Law and Order
*Trust and Trustees 
*Legal Procedures
*Books and Stationery 
*Factories
*Population control and Family planning
*Protection of wild animals and birds
*Economic and Social Planning
*Criminal law and procedure
*Press and News Paper
*Charity and Charities

IMPORTANT AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION

1st AMENDMENT 1951

*Ninth Schedule was added to the Constitution.
*Land Reforms Act were brought.
*This amendment provides restrictions to the right to freedom of speech and expression during emergency

7th AMENDMENT 1956

 
*State reorganisation act on linguistic basis was made possible.
*Introduction of Union Territories
*The post 'Raja Premukh' was stopped
*The amendment to start new High Courts

9th AMENDMENT 1960

*To give effect to the transfer of certain territories to Pakistan

STATE LIST

*The idea of State List was borrowed from
Ans : Canadian Constitution
*The Legislative body having exclusive power to make laws in State List
Ans : State Legislature
*Total subjects included in State List
Ans : 61 (originally 66)

IMPORTANT SUBJECTS IN STATE LIST

*Local Self Government
*Agriculture
*Public Health & Sanitation 
* Liquor
*Fisheries
*Police
*Panchayati Raj
*Prison
*Taxes on Agricultural. Income
*State Public Service Commission
*Land and Building Tax
*Sales Tax
*Public Transport
*Irrigation

CONCURRENT LIST

 
*The idea of State List was borrowed from
Ans : Australian Constitution
*The Legislative body having exclusive power to make laws in Concurrent List
Ans : Both Parliament and State Legislature
*Total Subjects included in Concurrent List
Ans : 52 (originally 47)

IMPORTANT SUBJECTS IN CONCURRENT LIST

*Forests
*Education
*Weights and Measures 
*Price control
*Marriage and divorce 
*Electricity
*Trade unions
*Law and Order
*Trust and Trustees 
*Legal Procedures
*Books and Stationery 
*Factories
*Population control and Family planning
*Protection of wild animals and birds
*Economic and Social Planning
*Criminal law and procedure
*Press and News Paper
*Charity and Charities

IMPORTANT AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION

1st AMENDMENT 1951

*Ninth Schedule was added to the Constitution.
*Land Reforms Act were brought.
*This amendment provides restrictions to the right to freedom of speech and expression during emergency

7th AMENDMENT 1956

 
*State reorganisation act on linguistic basis was made possible.
*Introduction of Union Territories
*The post 'Raja Premukh' was stopped
*The amendment to start new High Courts

9th AMENDMENT 1960

*To give effect to the transfer of certain territories to Pakistan

42nd AMENDMENT 1976 (MINI CONSTITUTION)

*The 42nd Amendment (1976) is popularly known as
Ans : Mini Constitution
*42nd Amendment was passed by the Parliament during the period of 
Ans : Indira Gandhi
*42nd Amendment was enacted following the recommendations of 
Ans : Swaran Singh Committee  
*Socialist, Secular and Integrity were added to the preamble by 
Ans : 42nd Amendment
*Ten fundamental duties were added in 
Ans : Part IV A 
*The tenure of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly was extended from
Ans : 5 to 6 years
*Part XIV-A was added to the constitution(Administrative Tribunals) by
Ans : 42nd Amendment
*The Amendment Act enabled the President to limit the operation of a National Emergency to a specified part of India
Ans : 42nd Amendment
*42nd Amendment shifted five subjects from the State list to the Concurrent list. They are
(1)Education
(2)Weights and Measures
(3)Forests
(4)Protection of wild animals and birds
(5)Administration of justice
*Provided that the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended during a National Emergency

52nd AMENDMENT 1985

*Anti-Defection Law inserted into the Constitution in Article 101 
*Added Tenth Schedule which deals with Anti Defection Law

53RD AMENDMENT 1986

*Mizoram became the 23rd State of India

55TH AMENDMENT 1987

*Arunachal Pradesh became the 24th State of India

56TH AMENDMENT 1987

*Goa became the 25th State of India

61st AMENDMENT 1989

*Reduced Voting age from 21 to 18 (Article 326) 
*Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India during this amendment

65th AMENDMENT 1990

*National Commission for Scheduled Caste j and Scheduled Tribes were formed

69th AMENDMENT 1991

*Articles 239 AA and 239 AB were inserted and Delhi was made National Capital Territory of India

71st AMENDMENT 1992

*Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages got the official status 
*Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages are included in the Eighth schedule

73rd AMENDMENT 1992

*Part IX relating to panchayat was inserted in the constitution.
*It also added the 11th schedule to the constitution
*This amendment act is also known as Panchayati Raj Act.

74TH AMENDMENT ACT OF 1992

*The 74th Constitutional Amendement act of 1992 came into force on
Ans : 1st June 1993
*Twelfth schedule was included in the Constitution
*Nagarapalika and Municipal Acts are known as
74th Amendment

77th AMENDMENT 1995

*It provides for reservation in promotions for SC/ST

78th AMENDMENT 1995

*Through this amendment land reform laws are included in the Ninth schedule so that they cannot be challenged before the Courts.

84th AMENDMENT  2000

*Extended the ban on readjustment of seats in the Lok sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies upto 202
*Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand states were formed

86th AMENDMENT 2002

*Made the elementry education a fundamental right.
*Added a new article 21A which declare that ''the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all childern of the age of - 6 to 14 years

89th AMENDMENT 2003

*National Commission for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was bifurcated

91st AMENDMENT 2003

*Restricted the size of Council of Ministers to 15% of total Legislative Members

92nd AMENDMENT 2003

*Bodo,Dogri, Maithili and Santhali were included in the Eighth schedule by providing official status

93rd AMENDMENT 2005

*Provided reservation for SC/ST and Other Backward Classes in government as well as in private educational institutions

95TH AMENDMENT 2009

*Extended the reservation of seats for SC and ST in the LOK Sabha and State Assemblies upto 2020

91TH AMENDMENT 2011

*The name of Orissa was changed to Odisha as per 1st Schedule
*Substituted Odia for Oriya as per 8th Schedule

97TH AMENDMENT 2011

*The titile 'The Cooperative societies ' were included in part IXB
*Cooperative Societies Act 2012
*Inserted articles 19 (1) C, 43 B

98th AMENDMENT 2012

*Article 371 J was inserted into the constitution
*Separate provisions for Karnataka were added
* Governor of Karnataka was authorised to form separate Development Board for Hyderabad Karnataka region.

99th AMENDMENT 2014

*The appointment of National Judicial Appointment Commission
*It came into force on 31st December 2014
*The amendment was struck down by the Supreme Court on October 16, 2015

100th AMENDMENT 2015

*It came into force on 1st August 2015 (Bill passed by the Parliament on May 7,2015)
*Exchange of certain enclave territories with Bangladesh consequent to signing of Land Boundary Agreement treaty between India and Bangladesh

101st AMENDMENT 2017

*Goods and Service tax(GST)

INTER PARLIAMENTARY UNION

 *Inter- Parliamentary Union was established by
Ans : Frederic Passy and William Randal Cremer
*Inter- Parliamentary Union was established in
Ans : 1889
*The headquarters of IPU is situated in 
Ans : Geneva
*Inter Parliamentary Union is the international organisation that brings together the parliaments of 
Ans : Sovereign States
*Total members in IPU
Ans : 173 countries
*India joined the Inter Parliamentary Union in
Ans : 1949
*The President of the India Group of the IPU
Ans : Lok Sabha Speaker
*The Indian woman who was elected the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Council in 1999
Ans : Najma Heptullah (Berlin)
*The council's 171st Session conferred on Mrs. Heptulla the title of the honorary president of the IPU council.